- 机械设计手册:单行本·常用机械工程材料(第六版)
- 成大先主编
- 13字
- 2025-02-21 22:38:07
2 钢铁材料的分类及技术条件
2.1 一般用钢
碳素结构钢(摘自GB/T 700—2006)
表3-1-5 碳素结构钢的化学成分
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注:1.本标准适用于一般交货状态(钢材一般以热轧、控轧或正火状态交货),通常用于焊接、铆接、栓接工程构件用热轧钢板、钢带、型钢和棒钢。
2.经需方同意,Q235B的含碳量可不大于0.22%。
3.在保证钢材力学性能符合本标准的情况下,各牌号A级钢的碳、锰、硅含量可不作为交货条件,但应在质量证明书中注明其含量。
4.镇静钢脱氧完全,性能较半镇静钢和沸腾钢优良。沸腾钢脱氧不完全,化学成分不均匀,内部杂质较多,耐腐蚀性和机械强度较差,冲击韧度较低,冷脆倾向及时效敏感较大,不适于在高冲击负荷和低温下工作,但成材率高,成本低,没有集中缩孔,表面质量及深冲性能好,一般结构可大量采用。新标准取消半镇静钢。
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优质碳素结构钢(摘自GB/T 699—1999)和锻件用碳素结构钢(摘自GB/T 17107—1997)
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低合金高强度结构钢(摘自1591—2008)
表3-1-8 化学成分
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合金结构钢(摘自GB/T 3077—1999)和锻件用合金结构钢(摘自GB/T 17107—1997)
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弹簧钢及轴承钢(摘自GB/T 1222—2007、GB/T 18254—2002)
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不锈钢耐热钢(摘自GB/T 1220—2007、GB/T 1221—2007)
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表3-1-17 沉淀硬化耐热钢的化学成分和力学性能(摘自GB/T 1221—2007)
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注:见表3-1-15表注。
表3-1-18 耐热钢的特性和用途(摘自GB/T 1221—2007)
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注:1.与本表对应的新钢号见表3-1-15和表3-1-16。
2.GB/T 1221—2007中新增加的马氏体型钢17Cr16Ni2、45Cr9Si3及沉淀硬化型钢06Cr15Ni25Ti2MoAlVB未编入表中。
大型不锈、耐酸、耐热钢锻件的化学成分和力学性能(摘自JB/T 6398—2006)
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工具钢(摘自GB/T 1298—2008、GB/T 1299—2000)
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耐候结构钢(摘自GB/T 4171—2008)
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大型轧辊件用钢(摘自JB/T 6401—1992)
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